2017年10月30日 星期一

Rosemary 記憶之草 ── 迷迭香


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Rosemary  記憶之草 ── 迷迭香
by Jamie Blackler

Meet the healing herb that improves memory.
來一探能夠改善記憶力的療癒香草吧。

  Rosemary is a popular herb with a long history that is found in kitchens everywhere. It has beneficial _(1)_ like enhancing memory. In Latin, the name rosemary _(2)_ to mean "dew of the sea." In _(3)_ times, people believed that the Greek goddess of love, desire, and beauty, Aphrodite, was covered in rosemary when she was born and emerged out of the sea. It was often thought that rosemary brought good luck to couples in love. Consequently, brides and grooms in the Middle Ages would wear rosemary at weddings. Since it has a pleasant smell, rosemary oil is frequently used as an _(4)_ in perfume or as an air freshener.
  For centuries, people have also _(5)_ the smell of rosemary with memory. In Shakespeare's play Hamlet, Ophelia says, "There's rosemary, that's for remembrance." For many years, rosemary was even thrown on coffins at traditional _(6)_ as a way to encourage remembering the dead. In recent years, science has _(7)_ that there may be some truth behind this idea.
  Researchers did a study with 150 people over the age of 65 who were sent to different rooms and asked to _(8)_ some information. One room had no smell, another had a lavender scent, and the other smelled like rosemary. The people in the room with rosemary _(9)_ 15% higher on memory tests than people in the room with no smell. People in the rosemary room also said that their mood was better, and they felt more _(10)_. So the next time you're feeling a bit tired and forgetful, perhaps a whiff of rosemary can refresh your brain and get you back on track.
(A) associated (B) proven (C) alert (D) ingredient (E) translates
(F) scored (G) attributes (H) memorize (I) ancient (J) funerals

 

1. It has beneficial attributes like enhancing memory.
它擁有像是增強記憶力等有益的特質。

理由:
a. 空格前有形容詞 beneficial(有益的),空格後有介詞 like(像是),得知空格應置名詞以被 beneficial 修飾。
b. 選項中為名詞的有 (C) alert(警覺)、(D) ingredient(原料)、(G) attributes(特質)、(I) ancient(古代人)及 (J) funerals(喪禮),惟根據語意,(G) 項應為正選。
c. attribute n. 特質,屬性
Organizational ability is the most important attribute for a good manager.
組織能力是一名優秀的經理所需具備最重要的特質。
*organizational a. 組織的

2. In Latin, the name rosemary translates to mean "dew of the sea."
在拉丁文中,rosemary 這個詞翻譯後的意思為「海之朝露」。

理由:
a. 空格前有名詞詞組 the name rosemaryrosemary 這個詞),空格後有介詞 to,得知空格應置不及物動詞或片語動詞。
b. 選項中符合上述的有 (A) associated(往來)、(E) translates(翻譯)及 (F) scored(得分),惟根據語意,(E) 項應為正選。
c. translate vi. & vt. 翻譯
: translate to...  意思相當於……
translate into...  翻譯成(……語言)
These rates translate to a return of 8.5% per dollar for investors.
這些匯率對投資者來說每一美元相當於 8.5% 的回報。
The book's sales went up after it was translated into Chinese.
這本書翻譯成中文後,銷售量大增。

3. In ancient times, people believed that the Greek goddess of love, desire, and beauty, Aphrodite, was covered in rosemary when she was born and emerged out of the sea.
古時候,人們相信希臘神話中代表愛、欲望與美麗的女神阿芙蘿黛蒂在誕生並從海中升起之際,身上覆滿了迷迭香。

理由:
a. 空格前有介詞 In,空格後有名詞 times(時候),得知空格應置形容詞以修飾 times。
b. 選項中為形容詞的有 (A) associated(相關的)、(C) alert(警覺的)及 (I) ancient(古代的),惟根據語意,(I) 項應為正選。
c. ancient a. 古代的
The custom is derived from an ancient story.
這個習俗源自於一則古老的故事。

4. Since it has a pleasant smell, rosemary oil is frequently used as an ingredient in perfume or as an air freshener.
由於迷迭香油有著宜人的香氣,因而時常被用作香水或空氣清新劑的原料。

理由:
a. 空格前有不定冠詞 an,空格後有介詞 in,得知空格應置母音開頭的單數名詞。
b. 選項中符合上述的尚有 (C) alert(警覺)及 (D) ingredient(原料),惟根據語意,(D) 項應為正選。
c. ingredient n. 原料;食材
The chef boiled all the ingredients together to make the beef broth.
這名廚師將所有食材一起煮以烹製牛肉高湯。
*broth n. 高湯

5. For centuries, people have also associated the smell of rosemary with memory.
數個世紀以來,人們也將迷迭香的香氣與記憶連結在一起。

理由:
a. 本題測試以下固定用法:
associate A with B  將 A 與 B 聯想在一起
associate vt. 把……聯想在一起 & vi. 結交
: associate with sb  和某人交往
Some people often associate Barbie dolls with little girls.
有些人經常把芭比娃娃和小女孩聯想在一起。
The young model associates with several famous billionaires.
這名年輕的模特兒同時和數位有名的億萬富翁交往。
b. 根據上述用法,(A) 項應為正選。

6. For many years, rosemary was even thrown on coffins at traditional funerals as a way to encourage remembering the dead.
許多年來,在傳統喪禮上甚至會將迷迭香灑在棺材上,作為一種鼓勵紀念亡者的方式。

理由:
a. 空格前有形容詞 traditional(傳統的),空格後有介詞 as,得知空格應置名詞以被 traditional修飾。
b. 選項中為名詞的尚有 (C) alert(警覺)及 (J) funerals(喪禮),惟根據語意,(J) 項應為正選。
c. funeral n. 喪禮
Bright clothes are not suitable for funerals.
參加喪禮時不適合穿鮮豔的衣服。
*be suitable for...  適合??

7. In recent years, science has proven that there may be some truth behind this idea.
近年來,科學已證實在這樣的想法背後或許有一些事實。

理由:
a. 空格前有表完成式的助動詞 has,空格後有 that 所引導的子句,得知空格應置過去分詞形的及物動詞。
b. 選項中符合上述的有 (B) proven(證實)及 (F) scored(得分),惟根據語意,(B) 項應為正選。
c. prove vt. 證明(三態為:prove, proved, proven。)
: prove + that 子句  證明……
The police had solid evidence to prove that Susan had stolen the money.
警方擁有確鑿的證據證明蘇珊偷了錢。
*solid a. 確鑿的,明確的

8. Researchers did a study with 150 people over the age of 65 who were sent to different rooms and asked to memorize some information.
調查人員做了一項研究,將一百五十名六十五歲以上的長者送往不同的房間,並要求他們背下一些資訊。

理由:
a. 空格前有引導不定詞片語的 to,空格後有名詞詞組 some information(一些資訊),得知空格應置原形及物動詞。
b. 選項中為原形及物動詞的尚有 (C) alert(使警覺)及 (H) memorize(背熟),惟根據語意,(H) 項應為正選。
c. memorize vt. 背熟,記住,熟記
No matter how hard I try, I just can't memorize this French poem.
不管我怎麼努力,就是無法背出這首法文詩。

9. The people in the room with rosemary scored 15% higher on memory tests than people in the room with no smell.
比起那些身處無味房間的人們,在有迷迭香味道房間的人們在記憶測驗上的得分要高出 15%。

理由:
a. 空格前有作主詞的名詞詞組 The people in the room with rosemary(在有迷迭香味道房間的人們),空格後有副詞 15% higher(高出 15%),得知空格應置不及物動詞。
b. 選項中為不及物動詞的僅剩 (F) scored(得分),置入後亦符合語意,故為正選。
c. score vi. & vt. 得分
: score high / low on a test / an exam  考試得高分/低分
In order to score high on his TOEFL exam, Greg went to a cram school every night.
為了考好托福,葛瑞格每晚都上補習班。
The baseball team scored five points in the final three minutes of the game.
該棒球隊在比賽的最後三分鐘得到五分。

10. People in the rosemary room also said that their mood was better, and they felt more alert.
在迷迭香房間裡的人也說他們的心情變好了,而且他們感覺更加機警。

理由:
a. 空格前有修飾比較級的副詞 more,得知空格應置形容詞或副詞以被 more 修飾。
b. 選項中符合上述的僅剩 (C) alert(警覺的),置入後亦符合語意,故為正選。
c. alert a. 警覺的
: stay alert  保持警覺
Try to stay alert when you're driving. Dozing off can be deadly.
開車時請保持警覺。打瞌睡會有致命危險。
*doze off  打瞌睡

dew n. 露水
air freshener  空氣清新劑
freshener n. 恢復精力的東西(如飲料)
coffin n. 棺木
lavender n. 薰衣草
whiff n. 一股淡淡的氣味
: get / catch a whiff of sth  聞到……的氣味

1. be covered in / with...  覆蓋著……
Teddy was covered in mud after he fell into the pond.
泰迪跌進池塘後全身沾滿了泥巴。

2. a bit...  有點兒……
: a little bit...
: a bit of...  一點點的……
That long movie about war is a bit boring.
那部戰爭長片有點無聊。
A bit of fresh air will do you a world of good.
呼吸一點新鮮空氣會對你大有好處。
*do sb a world of good  (某事)對某人大有好處

3. back on track  回到正軌
: get off track  偏離主題
Our relationship has had its ups and downs this year, but I think we are back on track now.
我們的感情今年起起伏伏,但我覺得我們現在回到正軌了。
Don't get off track. We are looking at this year's figures, not last year's.
不要偏離主題了。我們是在說今年的數字,不是去年的。
*figure n. 數字

1. rosemary n. 迷迭香

2. healing a. 有治療功用的
: heal vt. 使痊癒
It is believed that crystals have healing powers.
一般相信水晶擁有療癒功效。
The man claimed he could heal the sick with a simple touch of their heads.
這名男子宣稱他只要碰觸病患的頭,就可以治癒他們的病。

3. herb n. 草本植物;藥草
This herb can be used as an effective remedy for headaches.
這種藥草可被用作治療頭痛的有效藥方。

4. beneficial a. 有利的,有益的
: be beneficial to...  有益於……
The computer classes were beneficial to the whole company.
這些電腦課程對全公司都有所助益。

5. enhance vt. 提高,增加
Mr. Chang tried many ways to enhance his students' writing ability.
張老師嘗試過許多方法來提高學生的寫作能力。

6. emerge vi. 浮現,露出
: emerge from...  從……出現/顯露
The firefighter emerged from the building carrying the woman's baby.
消防員抱著那名婦人的寶寶走出大樓。

7. pleasant a. 令人愉快的;舒適的
: unpleasant a. 使人不愉快的
John and his girlfriend had a pleasant picnic in the park yesterday.
約翰和他的女友昨天在公園裡享用了一頓愉快的野餐。
The kitchen towel gave off an unpleasant odor because it wasn't dried properly.
這條廚房用毛巾因為沒有好好弄乾,所以發出了惡臭。
*give off...  散發……
odor n. 臭味

8. frequently adv. 經常地,頻繁地
: frequent a. 經常(發生)的
Jason goes to that restaurant frequently because he enjoys the food there.
傑森很常去那家餐廳,因為他很喜歡那裡的食物。
Typhoons and earthquakes are frequent in Taiwan.
在臺灣,颱風和地震是司空見慣的事。

9. perfume n. 香水

10. remembrance n. 懷念;悼念
: in remembrance of...  紀念……
= in memory of...
= in commemoration of...
The scholarship was set up in remembrance of the late principal.
該獎學金是為紀念已故校長而設立的。
*late a. 已故的

11. scent n. 香味,氣味
The shampoo has a light scent of herbal extracts.
這種洗髮精有一股藥草萃取物的淡淡香氣。
*extract n. 萃取物

12. forgetful a. 健忘的
Derek often has to rely on notes because he is rather forgetful.
德瑞克時常得依賴筆記,因為他相當健忘。

13. refresh vt. 使重新振作精神
After working in the garden, drinking a glass of cool lemonade refreshed me.
在花園工作後,喝上一杯冰涼的檸檬水讓我精神為之一振。


 

記憶之草 ── 迷迭香
來一探能夠改善記憶力的療癒香草吧。

  長久以來,迷迭香是一種廣受歡迎的香草,能夠在各地的廚房裡見到。它擁有像是增強記憶力等有益的特質。在拉丁文中,rosemary 這個詞翻譯後的意思為「海之朝露」。古時候,人們相信希臘神話中代表愛、欲望與美麗的女神阿芙蘿黛蒂在誕生並從海中升起之際,身上覆滿了迷迭香。一般常認為迷迭香能為戀愛中的情侶帶來好運。因此,中世紀時的新人在婚禮上會配戴迷迭香。由於迷迭香油有著宜人的香氣,因而時常被用作香水或空氣清新劑的原料。
  數個世紀以來,人們也將迷迭香的香氣與記憶連結在一起。在莎士比亞的劇作《哈姆雷特》中,奧菲莉亞(編按:《哈姆雷特》中的悲劇人物,為哈姆雷特的戀人。)說道:「這是迷迭香,代表記憶。」許多年來,在傳統喪禮上甚至會將迷迭香灑在棺材上,作為一種鼓勵紀念亡者的方式。近年來,科學已證實在這樣的想法背後或許有一些事實。
  調查人員做了一項研究,將一百五十名六十五歲以上的長者送往不同的房間,並要求他們背下一些資訊。一間房間沒有味道、一間有著薰衣草的香味,另一間聞起來則像迷迭香。比起那些身處無味房間的人們,在有迷迭香味道房間的人們在記憶測驗上的得分要高出 15%。在迷迭香房間裡的人也說他們的心情變好了,而且他們感覺更加機警。因此下次當你覺得有點疲累且健忘時,或許聞聞迷迭香的味道可以讓你的腦袋煥然一新,讓你重回正軌。
答案:1. G 2. E 3. I 4. D 5. A 6. J 7. B 8. H 9. F 10. C

 

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