 |  | | Cruelty-Free Fashion 『零殘忍』運動 by Daniel Howard | The movement for vegan fashion won a huge victory in West Hollywood.
『素時尚』的運動在西好萊塢市贏得了一場巨大的勝利。 | Vegans are very strict vegetarians. As part of their diet, they cannot eat anything that comes from animals, including dairy, eggs, and even honey. For the most part, vegans have chosen this _(1)_ because it is environmentally friendly and kind to animals. Therefore, it is perfectly _(2)_ that vegans don't wear clothes made from animal products, either.
Wool comes from sheep, and though the animals aren't _(3)_ when it's collected, strict vegans won't wear it. Likewise, leather is made from animal skin, so this _(4)_ many shoes and fashion accessories for vegans. Then there is fur, which most _(5)_ comes from animals. Due to long-standing problems of cruelty in the fur industry, it is considered one of the worst clothing materials and its use is widely protested.
Anti-fur groups have recently won a huge victory. In September 2013, West Hollywood in California enacted a law banning the sale of fur clothing. It is the first city in the United States to do so, and many of the residents are very happy about the decision. The ban _(6)_ fur joins local restrictions that have outlawed removing cats' claws, selling animals in pet shops, and performances that feature exotic animals. There is some strong _(7)_ to the law, mainly from high-end store owners, but the city's leaders are holding their ground. West Hollywood is determined to lead the way in the fight against animal cruelty.
1. (A) adulthood (B) maintenance (C) lifestyle (D) optimism
2. (A) reasonable (B) horizontal (C) tentative (D) vertical
3. (A) altered (B) harmed (C) condemned (D) excluded
4. (A) devours (B) initiates (C) notifies (D) eliminates
5. (A) obviously (B) sentimentally (C) exceptionally (D) indifferently
6. (A) at (B) with (C) over (D) on
7. (A) tuition (B) addiction (C) opposition (D) concession |  |  | | | |  | - For the most part, vegans have chosen this lifestyle because it is environmentally friendly and kind to animals.
大多數情況下，嚴守素食主義者選擇了這種生活方式的原因是因為它有助環保，且對動物來說是仁慈的。
理由:
a. (A) adulthood n. 成年期
The tribe's young boys completed the rite and passed into adulthood.
該部落的年輕男孩完成了儀式並邁向成年。
＊rite n. 儀式
(B) maintenance n. 維修，保養
Careful maintenance can extend the life of your car.
細心的保養可以延長車子的壽命。
(C) lifestyle n. 生活方式
Johnny got diabetes from an unhealthy lifestyle.
不健康的生活方式使強尼患了糖尿病。
(D) optimism n. 樂觀
Jane's optimism makes her a pleasant girl to be with.
阿珍的樂觀使她成為大家都樂於和她相處的女孩。
b. 根據語意，(C) 項應為正選。 - Therefore, it is perfectly reasonable that vegans don't wear clothes made from animal products, either.
因此，嚴守素食主義者也不會穿戴由動物產品所製成的服飾，這一點也就完全合情合理了。
理由:
a. (A) reasonable a. 合理的
at reasonable prices 以合理的價格
You can pick up quality products at reasonable prices in this store.
你可以在這家店買到物美價廉的商品。
(B) horizontal a. 水平的
Bottles of wine should be kept horizontal.
瓶裝葡萄酒應該平放。
(C) tentative a. 暫時性的
Ross and Monica had tentative plans to visit the Maldives in September.
羅斯和莫妮卡暫定九月要去馬爾地夫玩。
(D) vertical a. 垂直的
Nowadays, many firms are seeking vertical integration to increase productivity.
現今有很多公司正在尋求垂直整合以提昇生產力。
b. 根據語意，(A) 項應為正選。 - Wool comes from sheep, and though the animals aren't harmed when it's collected, strict vegans won't wear it.
羊毛出自羊身上，雖然在採集羊毛的時候，這些綿羊並不會受到傷害，但嚴守素食主義者還是不會穿羊毛製品。
理由:
a. (A) alter vt. 修改（衣服）
The shirt is a little too large for me, so it needs to be altered.
這件襯衫對我來說大了點，所以需要修改。
(B) harm vt. 傷害
Mary wouldn't even harm a fly. How could she commit such a crime?
瑪麗連一隻蒼蠅都不會傷害。她怎麼可能會犯下這樣的罪行？
＊would not harm / hurt a fly 連一隻蒼蠅都不會傷害（比喻心地善良）
(C) condemn vt. 譴責
The doctor was condemned by many for neglecting his patients' needs.
該名醫師被許多人譴責忽視其病患的需求。
(D) exclude vt. 排除
Phil excludes me from any conversation he has about politics.
菲爾不讓我參與任何有關政治的話題。
b. 根據語意，(B) 項應為正選。 - Likewise, leather is made from animal skin, so this eliminates many shoes and fashion accessories for vegans.
同樣地，皮革是由動物皮所製成的，所以許多鞋子以及時尚配件對嚴守素食主義者來說都不在他們的考慮範圍中。
理由:
a. (A) devour vt. 狼吞虎嚥地吃
Edward devoured the plate of lasagna in less than two minutes.
艾德華不到兩分鐘就把那盤千層麵吃光光。
＊lasagna n. 千層麵
(B) initiate vt. 開始，發起
Tim initiated the conversation between John and Karen.
提姆開啟了約翰和凱倫之間的對話。
(C) notify vt. 通知；告知
notify sb of sth 通知某人某事
Please notify me of your decision so I will know what to do.
請告訴我你的決定，好讓我知道該怎麼做。
(D) eliminate vt. 淘汰；排除
If people eliminate fatty foods from their diets, they can become healthier.
人們若能從飲食中去除脂肪過多的食物，就會變得更健康。
b. 根據語意，(D) 項應為正選。 - Then there is fur, which most obviously comes from animals.
再來就是最明顯取自動物的皮草了。
理由:
a. (A) obviously adv. 明顯地
Obviously, you're at fault for the argument.
在這個論點上你明顯有錯。
(B) sentimentally adv. 深情地；多愁善感地
Jill is sentimentally attached to her husband .
吉兒對她的老公很眷戀。
(C) exceptionally adv. 格外地
Tommy is an exceptionally talented boy because he can play any song by ear.
湯米是個非常有天賦的男孩，因為他能將任何聽到的歌曲彈奏出來。
(D) indifferently adv. 漠不關心地
Grace behaved indifferently toward Kathy after their big fight.
兩人大吵一架後，葛麗絲就對凱西很冷淡。
b. 根據語意，(A) 項應為正選。 - The ban on fur joins local restrictions that have outlawed removing cats' claws, selling animals in pet shops, and performances that feature exotic animals.
這項皮草禁令結合了地方制約，將拔除貓咪的爪子、在寵物店販售動物，還有主打珍禽異獸為特色的表演定為非法的行為。
理由:
a. 本題測試以下固定用法：
a ban on sth 關於某事物的禁令
The country lifted the ban on the import of foreign automobiles last year.
該國去年解除了進口外國汽車的禁令。
＊lift a / the ban on... 解除對……的禁令
b. 根據上述，(D) 項應為正選。 - There is some strong opposition to the law, mainly from high-end store owners, but the city's leaders are holding their ground.
雖然有一些強烈反對該項法律的聲浪，主要是來自高檔的商店業主，但該市的領導階層堅守立場。
理由:
a. (A) tuition n. 學費
The tuition of private colleges is much higher than that of public ones.
私立大學的學費要比公立大學的學費貴得多。
(B) addiction n. 上癮（常與介詞 to 並用）
Neil's addiction to comics has made finding a girlfriend very difficult.
尼爾的漫畫癮讓他很難找到女朋友。
(C) opposition n. 反對
Ed's ideas were met with a lot of opposition.
艾德的點子遭到許多人的反對。
(D) concession n. 讓步
make a concession 讓步
When negotiating, sometimes you need to make some concessions to reach an agreement.
談判時，有時你必須做出讓步才能達成協議。
b. 根據語意，(C) 項應為正選。 | | | |  | - cruelty n. 殘忍
Nothing can excuse Tom's cruelty to his children.
任何事都不能作為湯姆虐待自己小孩的藉口。 - movement n. 運動，活動
The leaders of the movement are in agreement on this issue.
該運動的領導者對此議題看法一致。
＊be in agreement on... 對……看法一致 - accessory n. 配件（常用複數）
Gina's accessories matched her purple silk gown perfectly.
吉娜的配件和她的紫色絲質禮服極為相襯。 - protest vi. 抗議 & n. 抗議
protest against... 抗議／反對……
The villagers protested against the construction of the nuclear power plant in their neighborhood.
村民們抗議在他們住處附近興建核電廠。
The farmers launched a demonstration in protest against the new policy.
農民發動示威以抗議該項新政策。
＊in protest against... 以抗議…… - enact vt. 頒佈（法案），制定（法律）
The government recently enacted a law to cut down on pollution.
政府最近立法以減低污染。 - restriction n. 限制，約束
Trade restrictions between the two countries have been reduced.
這兩個國家已經減少彼此間的貿易限制。 - outlaw vt. 宣佈……為非法；禁止
Certain cities have outlawed the sale of alcohol.
某些城市已宣佈販售含酒精的飲料為非法行為。
Double parking is outlawed almost everywhere.
幾乎每個地方都禁止並排停車。 - hold one's ground
堅守某人的立場／主張
The surgeon knew he was right, so he decided to hold his ground at the meeting.
該外科醫師知道他是對的，所以決定在會議上堅守立場。 - be determined to V 決心要……
After a lengthy discussion with his advisor, Paul was determined to study abroad.
保羅跟指導教授經過漫長的討論後，決定要出國唸書。 | | | |  | - vegan n. 嚴守素食主義者 & a. 嚴守素食主義的
- victory n. 勝利
- dairy n. 乳製品
- environmentally friendly 有助環保的
environmentally adv. 有關環境地 - long-standing a. 存在已久的
- claw n.（動物的）爪子
- exotic a. 奇特的
- high-end a. 高檔的
| |
 | 『零殘忍』運動
『素時尚』的運動在西好萊塢市贏得了一場巨大的勝利。
Vegan 就是嚴守素食主義的人。正如他們在飲食這方面一樣，他們不能食用任何來自動物的食品，包括乳製品、雞蛋，甚至是蜂蜜。大多數情況下，嚴守素食主義者選擇了這種生活方式的原因是因為它有助環保，且對動物來說是仁慈的。因此，嚴守素食主義者也不會穿戴由動物產品所製成的服飾，這一點也就完全合情合理了。
羊毛出自羊身上，雖然在採集羊毛的時候，這些綿羊並不會受到傷害，但嚴守素食主義者還是不會穿羊毛製品。同樣地，皮革是由動物皮所製成的，所以許多鞋子以及時尚配件對嚴守素食主義者來說都不在他們的考慮範圍中。再來就是最明顯取自動物的皮草了。由於眾多殘酷行為的問題在皮草業存在已久，因此它被看作是最惡劣的服裝材料之一，且其用途受到廣泛地抗議。
反皮草團體近來已大獲全勝。2013 年九月，位於加州的西好萊塢市頒佈了一項禁止販售皮草成衣的法令。它是美國第一個這麼做的城市，而且許多居民對於這項決定都非常滿意。這項皮草禁令結合了地方制約，將拔除貓咪的爪子、在寵物店販售動物，還有主打珍禽異獸為特色的表演定為非法的行為。雖然有一些強烈反對該項法律的聲浪，主要是來自高檔的商店業主，但該市的領導階層堅守立場。西好萊塢市決心要帶頭在這場鬥爭中抵抗虐待動物的事件。
答案：1. C 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. A 6. D 7. C | | | |  |  | 用英文在世界各國趴趴走！
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