 |  | | Sharkskin Paint 神秘的鯊魚皮 by Marcus Maurice | To help save the environment, researchers have gone underwater to find inspiration.
為了幫助拯救環境，研究員已深入水底去尋找靈感。 | The scales on sharks are tiny, rough, tooth-like structures. This makes their skin feel like armor and helps the sharks _(1)_ quickly and gracefully through the water. For many years now, humans _(2)_ shark skin in different products. _(3)_ sharkskin fabric is very light and does not wrinkle easily, which makes it ideal for suits, curtains, and tablecloths. Other things that have been made with sharkskin fabric are diving suits and winter coats.
The biggest technological advancement that is related _(4)_ shark skin in recent years is paint. This new kind of paint, which has been inspired by the efficiency of shark skin, can be applied to airplanes, ships, and wind turbines. By doing so, wind drag is reduced. This means that fuel costs for boats and planes are reduced and money is saved. On wind turbines, less air _(5)_ means that more energy is generated, making them more efficient. The best things about sharkskin paint are that very little extra weight is added to the ships, planes, and wind turbines and it can resist ultraviolet radiation and extreme temperatures.
There are particles in the paint that recreate the shark-skin like quality, but it needs to be applied properly with stencils. The researchers in Germany who came up with the paint tested it on ships. They found that the paint reduces drag by five percent. On large container ships, this could save 2,000 tons of fuel. If this paint were applied to every plane in the world, 4.48 million tons of fuel _(6)_ every year. That would reduce carbon dioxide emissions, and when it comes to _(7)_ the environment, every little bit helps.
1. (A) move (B) moved (C) moving (D) moves
2. (A) copy (B) copied (C) are copying (D) have been copying
3. (A) Confident (B) Artificial (C) Doubtful (D) Pessimistic
4. (A) with (B) on (C) to (D) as
5. (A) management (B) resistance (C) separation (D) admission
6. (A) will save (B) would save (C) will be saved (D) would be saved
7. (A) protecting (B) violating (C) harvesting (D) observing |  |  | | | |  | - This makes their skin feel like armor and helps the sharks move quickly and gracefully through the water.
理由:
a. 空格前有動詞 helps（幫助）及作受詞用的名詞 the sharks（鯊魚），得知空格應置原形動詞或不定詞片語（to V）。
Jogging can help (to) relieve work-related tension and anxiety.
慢跑有助於消除工作引起的緊張和焦慮。
b. 根據上述，(A) 項應為正選。 - For many years now, humans have been copying shark skin in different products.
理由:
a. 空格前有 for 引導的時間副詞片語（for + 一段時間），得知空格應置現在完成式或現在完成進行式的動詞。
Jack and Audrey have been together for quite a while.
傑克和奧黛莉在一起已有很長一段時間了。
b. 根據上述，(D) 項應為正選。 - Artificial sharkskin fabric is very light and does not wrinkle easily, which makes it ideal for suits, curtains, and tablecloths.
理由:
a. (A) confident a. 有信心的
After getting plastic surgery, Jenny felt more confident about herself.
動過整形手術後，珍妮對自己有信心多了。
(B) artificial a. 人造的
Professor Wright doesn't like anyone to refer to his artificial arm.
萊特教授不喜歡任何人提到他的義肢手臂。
(C) doubtful a. 起疑的；可疑的
I was doubtful about the man's good intentions.
這個男人的好意令我起疑。
(D) pessimistic a. 悲觀的
Instead of being pessimistic, you can learn from your mistakes.
與其感到悲觀，其實你可以從錯誤中學習。
b. 根據語意，(B) 項應為正選。 - . The biggest technological advancement that is related to shark skin in recent years is paint.
理由:
a. 本題測試以下固定用法：
be related to N/V-ing 和……相關
The examples in this essay are not related to the topic sentence at all.
這篇論文中所舉的例子和主題句完全不相關。
b. 根據上述，(C) 項應為正選。 - On wind turbines, less air resistance means that more energy is generated, making them more efficient.
理由:
a. (A) management n. 管理
That company suffered a big loss because of poor management.
那家公司由於管理不善而蒙受重大損失。
(B) resistance n. 阻力；反抗
The old man has to overcome his resistance to new technology.
那位老人必須克服對採用新技術的抗拒。
(C) separation n. 分離
Tom's friends managed to get him to talk to his wife after years of separation.
經過多年分居後，湯姆的朋友們設法讓他和妻子講話。
(D) admission n. 入場費
Admission to this play is NT$200.
那場表演的入場費是臺幣兩百元。
b. 根據語意，(B) 項應為正選。 - If this paint were applied to every plane in the world, 4.48 million tons of fuel would be saved every year.
理由:
a. 本題空格測試『與現在事實相反』的假設語氣用法，句型如下：
If + 主詞 + 過去式動詞（be 動詞一律用 were）, 主詞 + 過去式助動詞（could, would, might, should）+ 原形動詞
If I were in your shoes, I wouldn't be so concerned about the situation.
如果我處於你的立場，我不會對目前的情況如此在意。
b. 空格前有表物品的主詞 fuel（燃料），得知空格後應置被動語態，故 (B) 項不可選。
c. 根據語意及用法，(D) 項應為正選。 - That would reduce carbon dioxide emissions, and when it comes to protecting the environment, every little bit helps.
理由:
a. (A) protect vt. 保護
Whenever Sally goes out on sunny days, she puts on sunscreen to protect her skin.
每當莎莉在晴天外出時，她都會擦防曬乳來保護皮膚。
(B) violate vt. 違反
Sam violated the contract by revealing the company's secrets.
山姆因洩漏公司機密而違約。
(C) harvest vt. 採收
Grandpa has harvested three acres of corn this year.
爺爺今年已採收了三英畝的玉米。
(D) observe vt. 觀察
The doctor observed the child to see how he would react to the medicine.
醫生觀察那名兒童對該藥物的反應為何。
b. 根據語意，(A) 項應為正選。 | | | |  | - ideal a. 理想的
It is Jane's view that an ideal husband should always be respectful and truthful.
阿珍認為理想的老公一定要對人尊重及誠實。 - advancement n. 進步，進展
Lack of imagination is an obstacle to your advancement.
缺乏想像力會阻礙你進步。 - inspire vt. 啟發
That rock and roll singer inspired Nick to start up his own band.
那位搖滾歌手啟發尼克創立自己的樂團。 - efficiency n. 效能
A potential customer called to inquire about the efficiency of the new instrument.
有位潛在顧客來電詢問這項新儀器的效能。 - be applied to... 被應用在……上
Nanotechnology is applied to many aspects of our lives.
奈米科技被應用在我們生活中的許多層面。
＊nanotechnology n. 奈米科技 - generate vt. 產生（電、熱、光等）
Dams are often used to generate electricity.
水壩經常被利用來發電。 - come up with...
想出／提出（主意、想法等）
Steve came up with an idea for getting rid of the roaches in his house.
史提夫想出一個將蟑螂趕出家裡的點子。 - emission n. 排放（物）
emit vt. 散發
The machines need to be properly maintained to prevent black smoke emission.
這些機器必須適當保養以避免排放黑煙。
The rays emitted from the microwave can cause problems for some people with heart conditions.
微波爐散發的輻射可能對某些有心臟病的人造成問題。 - when it comes to N/V-ing 說到……
George is not so adventurous when it comes to food.
談到食物，喬治並沒有那麼勇於嘗試。
＊adventurous a. 勇於冒險的 | | | |  | - scale n. 魚鱗
- armor n. 盔甲
- fabric n. 布料
- wrinkle vi. 起皺紋
- turbine n. 渦輪（機）
- drag n. 阻力
- ultraviolet a. 紫外線的
- radiation n. 輻射
- particle n. 微粒；粒子
- recreate vt. 使重現
- apply vt. 塗，抹
- stencil n. 模版
- container n. 貨櫃的
| |  | They found that the paint reduces drag by five percent. 注意
表『以……的差距』時，介詞通常用 by，之後接數量詞。
Johnny was late for work by only a minute.
強尼就只差一分鐘而上班遲到了。
Our team beats the competition by three points.
我們的校隊以三分之差贏了比賽。 | |
 | 神秘的鯊魚皮
為了幫助拯救環境，研究員已深入水底去尋找靈感。
鯊魚的魚鱗是很小、很粗糙而且像牙齒一樣的構造。這讓牠們的皮膚摸起來像是盔甲，而且幫助鯊魚在水裡快速且優雅地移動。多年來，人類在許多不同產品上都仿照了鯊魚皮膚。人造的鯊魚皮布料非常輕，而且不容易皺，這使得這種材質很適合用來作西裝、窗簾和桌布。其他以鯊魚皮布料製成的還有潛水衣和冬天的外套。
近年來和鯊魚皮膚有關的最大科技發展就是塗料。這種新式塗料是以鯊魚皮膚的功能為靈感，它可以運用於飛機、船隻以及風力發電機。塗上這種塗料後，便能減低風阻。這意味著船隻和飛機的燃料費用會減少，同時也省了不少錢。在風力發電機方面，較少的空氣阻力意味著能夠產生更多的能源，也讓機器更有效率。鯊魚皮塗料最棒的就是它幾乎完全不會為船隻、飛機和風力發電機增加額外的重量，同時它還可以抗紫外線和極端的溫度。
這種塗料裡有可以重現和鯊魚皮膚類似特性的粒子，但是它必須適當地搭配模版來塗抹。這群想出這種塗料的德國研究員將它塗在船隻上做測試。他們發現這種塗料可以減少百分之五的阻力。以大型的貨櫃船來說，這種塗料可以省下兩千公噸的燃料。如果這種塗料運用在全世界每一艘船隻，那麼每年將可以省下四百四十八萬公噸的燃料。這將會減少二氧化碳的排放量，而且就保護環境而言，這一點一滴都有所幫助。 答案：1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A | | | |  |  | 歡慶25周年！全館單書79折！三本以上75折！
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